The AI Hype Index: Cracking the chatbot code

Separating AI reality from hyped-up fiction isn’t always easy. That’s why we’ve created the AI Hype Index—a simple, at-a-glance summary of everything you need to know about the state of the industry.

Millions of us use chatbots every day, even though we don’t really know how they work or how using them affects us. In a bid to address this, the FTC recently launched an inquiry into how chatbots affect children and teenagers. Elsewhere, OpenAI has started to shed more light on what people are actually using ChatGPT for, and why it thinks its LLMs are so prone to making stuff up.

There’s still plenty we don’t know—but that isn’t stopping governments from forging ahead with AI projects. In the US, RFK Jr. is pushing his staffers to use ChatGPT, while Albania is using a chatbot for public contract procurement. Proceed with caution.

Trump is pushing leucovorin as a new treatment for autism. What is it?

MIT Technology Review Explains: Let our writers untangle the complex, messy world of technology to help you understand what’s coming next. You can read more from the series here.

At a press conference on Monday, President Trump announced that his administration was taking action to address “the meteoric rise in autism.” He suggested that childhood vaccines and acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, are to blame for the increasing prevalence and advised pregnant women against taking the medicine. “Don’t take Tylenol,” he said. “Fight like hell not to take it.” 

The president’s  assertions left many scientists and health officials perplexed and dismayed. The notion that childhood vaccines cause autism has been thoroughly debunked. 

“There have been many, many studies across many, many children that have led science to rule out vaccines as a significant causal factor in autism,” says James McPartland, a child psychologist and director of the Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health in New Haven, Connecticut.

And although some studies suggest a link between Tylenol and autism, the most rigorous have failed to find a connection. 

The administration also announced that the Food and Drug Administration would work to make a medication called leucovorin available as a treatment for children with autism. Some small studies do suggest the drug has promise, but “those are some of the most preliminary treatment studies that we have,” says Matthew Lerner, a psychologist at Drexel University’s A.J. Drexel Autism Institute in Philadelphia. “This is not one I would say that the research suggests is ready for fast-tracking.” 

The press conference “alarms us researchers who committed our entire careers to better understanding autism,” said the Coalition for Autism Researchers, a group of more than 250 scientists, in a statement.

“The data cited do not support the claim that Tylenol causes autism and leucovorin is a cure, and only stoke fear and falsely suggest hope when there is no simple answer.”

There’s a lot to unpack here. Let’s begin. 

Has there been a “meteoric rise” in autism?

Not in the way the president meant. Sure, the prevalence of autism has grown, from about 1 in 500 children in 1995 to 1 in 31 today. But that’s due, in large part, to diagnostic changes. The latest iteration of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, published in 2013, grouped five previously separate diagnoses into a single diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

That meant that more people met the criteria for an autism diagnosis. Lerner points out that there is also far more awareness of the condition today than there was several decades ago. “There’s autism representation in the media,” he says. “There are plenty of famous people in the news and finance and in business and in Hollywood who are publicly, openly autistic.”

Is Tylenol a contributor to autism? 

Some studies have found an association between the use of acetaminophen in pregnancy and autism in children. In these studies, researchers asked women about past acetaminophen use during pregnancy and then assessed whether children of the women who took the medicine were more likely to develop autism than children of women who didn’t take it. 

These kinds of epidemiological studies are tricky to interpret because they’re prone to bias. For example, women who take acetaminophen during pregnancy may do so because they have an infection, a fever, or an autoimmune disease.

“Many of these underlying reasons could themselves be causes of autism,” says Ian Douglas, an epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. It’s also possible women with a higher genetic predisposition for autism have other medical conditions that make them more likely to take acetaminophen. 

Two studies attempted to account for these potential biases by looking at siblings whose mothers had used acetaminophen during only one of the pregnancies. The largest is a 2024 study that looked at nearly 2.5 million children born between 1915 and 2019 in Sweden. The researchers initially found a slightly increased risk of autism and ADHD in children of the women who took acetaminophen, but when they conducted a sibling analysis, the association disappeared.  

Rather, scientists have long known that autism is largely genetic. Twin studies suggest that 60% to 90% of autism risk can be attributed to your genes. However, environmental factors appear to play a role too. That “doesn’t necessarily mean toxins in the environment,” Lerner says. In fact, one of the strongest environmental predictors of autism is paternal age. Autism rates seem to be higher when a child’s father is older than 40.

So should someone who is pregnant  avoid Tylenol just to be safe?

No. Acetaminophen is the only over-the-counter pain reliever that is deemed safe to take during pregnancy, and women should take it if they need it. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) supports the use of acetaminophen in pregnancy “when taken as needed, in moderation, and after consultation with a doctor.” 

“There’s no downside in not taking it,” Trump said at the press conference. But high fevers during pregnancy can be dangerous. “The conditions people use acetaminophen to treat during pregnancy are far more dangerous than any theoretical risks and can create severe morbidity and mortality for the pregnant person and the fetus,” ACOG president Steven Fleischman said in a statement.

What about this new treatment for autism? Does it work? 

The medication is called leucovorin. It’s also known as folinic acid; like folic acid, it’s a form of folate, a B vitamin found in leafy greens and legumes. The drug has been used for years to counteract the side effects of some cancer medications and as a treatment for anemia. 

Researchers have known for decades that folate plays a key role in the fetal development of the brain and spine. Women who don’t get enough folate during pregnancy have a greater risk of having babies with neural tube defects like spina bifida. Because of this, many foods are fortified with folic acid, and the CDC recommends that women take folic acid supplements during pregnancy. “If you are pregnant and you’re taking maternal prenatal vitamins, there’s a good chance it has folate already,” Lerner says.

“The idea that a significant proportion of autistic people have autism because of folate-related difficulties is not a well established or widely accepted premise,” says McPartland.

However, in the early 2000s, researchers in Germany identified a small group of children who developed neurodevelopmental symptoms because of a folate deficiency. “These kids are born pretty normal at birth,” says Edward Quadros, a biologist at SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University in Brooklyn, New York. But after a year or two, “they start developing a neurologic presentation very similar to autism,” he says. When the researchers gave these children folinic acid, some of their symptoms improved, especially in children younger than six. 

Because the children had low levels of folate in the fluid that surrounds the spine and brain but normal folate levels in the blood, the researchers posited that the problem was the transport of folate from the blood to that fluid. Research by Quadros and other scientists suggested that the deficiency was the result of an autoimmune response. Children develop antibodies against the receptors that help transport folate, and those antibodies block folate from crossing the blood-brain barrier. High doses of folinic acid, however, activate a second transporter that allows folate in, Quadros says. 

There are also plenty of individual anecdotes suggesting that leucovorin works. But the medicine has only been tested as a treatment for autism in four small trials that used different doses and measured different outcomes. The evidence that it can improve symptoms of autism is “weak,” according to the Coalition of Autism Scientists. “A much higher standard of science would be needed to determine if leucovorin is an effective and safe treatment for autism,” the researchers said in a statement.  

The Download: accidental AI relationships, and the future of contraception

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

It’s surprisingly easy to stumble into a relationship with an AI chatbot

The news: The first large-scale computational analysis of the Reddit community r/MyBoyfriendIsAI, which is dedicated to discussing AI relationships, found that many people formed those relationships unintentionally while using AI for other purposes. In fact, only 6.5% of them said they’d deliberately sought out an AI companion. 

Why it matters: The study found that AI companionship provides vital support for some but exacerbates underlying problems for others. This means it’s hard to take a one-size-fits-all approach to user safety. Read the full story.

—Rhiannon Williams

Join us at 1.30pm ET today to learn about the future of birth control 

Conversations around birth control usually focus on women, but Kevin Eisenfrats, one of the MIT Technology Review 2025 Innovators Under 35, is working to change that. His company, Contraline, is working toward testing new birth control options for men. Join us for an exclusive subscribers-only Roundtable interview to hear Kevin in conversation with our executive editor Amy Nordrum at 1.30 ET today. 

MIT Technology Review Narrated: What’s next for AI and math

The last year has seen rapid progress in the ability of large language models to tackle math at high school level and beyond. Is AI closing in on human mathematicians? 

This story is the latest to be turned into a MIT Technology Review Narrated podcast, which we publish every week on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Just navigate to MIT Technology Review Narrated on either platform, and follow us to listen to all our new episodes as they’re released.

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Secret Service agents dismantled a giant operation to cripple cell networks
They say it’s likely it was intended to be used for scams. (Wired $)

2 Welcome to the new era of fragmented US vaccine policies
The federal government is abdicating responsibility for public health. Who will fill the void? (New Yorker $)
+ Why US federal health agencies are abandoning mRNA vaccines. (MIT Technology Review)

3 European defense leaders are discussing building a ‘drone wall’ 
They’re scrambling to catch up as Russian incursions into their territory increase. (ABC)

4 How will we know if we’ve reached artificial general intelligence?
That’s the multi-billion dollar question—but there’s no clear answer. (IEEE Spectrum)
+ Experts don’t even agree on what AI is to begin with, never mind AGI. (MIT Technology Review)

5 Robot umpires are coming to baseball’s major leagues next year 🤖⚾
Humans will still be in charge of calling balls and strikes, but tech will help to judge appealed decisions. (AP)

6 AI’s energy needs are being overstated
And that could lock us into unnecessary, costly fossil fuel projects. (The Verge)
+ Four reasons to be optimistic about AI’s energy usage. (MIT Technology Review)

7 Extreme drought is set to become a lot more commonplace
Governments need to do a lot more to prepare. (Gizmodo) 

8 AI is coming for subtitle writers’ jobs 
But their work is harder to replace than you might think. (The Guardian)
+ ‘Workslop’ is slowing everything down. (Harvard Business Review)
+ And, to add to the problem, AI systems may never be secure. (The Economist $)

9 How epigenetics could help save wildlife from extinction
It could allow scientists to detect accelerated aging before an animal population starts to visibly collapse. (Knowable)
+ Aging clocks aim to predict how long you’ll live. (MIT Technology Review)

10 TikTok is getting introduced to the concept of the rapture 
Which is due today, according to some. If so, it’s been great knowing you. Good luck! (The Guardian)

Quote of the day

“Everybody has a backup.”

—Stella Li, executive vice president at BYD, tells CNBC the company has contingency plans in case Beijing orders it to stop using Nvidia chips.

One more thing

Steel worker in safety gear standing high up on a girder and reaching up overhead for a roof joist

GETTY IMAGES

This app is helping workers reclaim millions in lost wages

Reclamo, a new web app, helps immigrant workers who have experienced wage theft. It guides them through assembling case details, and ultimately produces finished legal claims that can be filed instantly. A process that would otherwise take multiple meetings with an attorney can now be done within an hour.

A significant amount of wage theft targets immigrants, both legal and undocumented, in part because of communication barriers and their perceived lack of power or legal recourse. But the app is already making a difference—helping workers to reclaim $1 million in lost wages since it started beta testing in October 2022. Read the full story.

—Patrick Sisson

We can still have nice things

A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line or skeet ’em at me.)

+ It’s Fat Bear Week! Who gets your vote this year?
+ Learn about Lord Woodbine, the forgotten sixth Beatle. 
+ There are some truly wild and wacky recipes in this Medieval Cookery collection. Venison porridge, anyone? 
+ Pessimism about technology is as old as technology itself, as this archive shows.

Roundtables: The Future of Birth Control

Conversations around birth control usually focus on women, but Kevin Eisenfrats, one of the MIT Technology Review 2025 Innovators Under 35, is working to change that. His company, Contraline, is working toward testing new birth control options for men.

Speakers: Kevin Eisenfrats, co-founder and CEO of Contraline, and Amy Nordrum, executive editor, MIT Technology Review

Recorded on September 24, 2025

Related Coverage:

Prime Time for Merchant-Publisher Deals?

AI-generated search results are crushing some digital news publishers, and it’s oddly an opportunity for ecommerce brands.

The problem for digital publishers is simple enough. Searchers who query Google often see the answer on-site, eliminating the need to click to, say, CNN, HuffPost, or Business Insider. Moreover, the purpose of ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, and others is to provide answers, not links.

Zero Clicks

Google’s AI Overviews have reportedly cut CNN’s site traffic by about 30%, with HuffPost and Business Insider suffering closer to a 40% reduction, according to a September 2025 report from AI development firm Yazo.

Meanwhile, an August 2025 Digiday article suggests that, in general, digital publishers have lost about 25% of their search traffic due to Google’s AI Overviews.

These dramatic drops in search traffic have prompted some publishers to reassess their content and monetization strategies. Some are going directly to the culprits and securing licensing deals with Google, OpenAI, and others.

News Corp., for example, signed a multi-year deal with OpenAI in 2024, which could generate $250 million in revenue for permitting ChatGPT’s parent company to scrape its content. Hearst, Reuters, Condé Nast, The Financial Times, and many others have reportedly sought similar AI licensing arrangements.

Hypothetical news site on a smartphone

Many digital publishers are experiencing traffic drops due to zero-click search results.

Alternative Revenue

At the Digiday Publishing Summit in Miami this month, attendees shared ideas about how digital publishers, small and large, can recover or even boost revenue in this era of AI-driven everything.

Frequent ideas, perhaps surprisingly, involved ecommerce and cost-per-action deals.

It is surprising because many of these same publishers already have product recommendation sites — think CNN’s Underscored — that struggle against AI shopping for affiliate revenue.

The shared ideas fell into three categories.

Direct advertising deals

Digital advertising is chock-full of intermediaries, brokers, and would-be agents, who take upwards of 70% of an ad’s price.

Most publishers have their own direct sales teams, but these teams have traditionally sold ad impressions, which are relatively more difficult to generate owing to the declining traffic.

Hence some conference attendees proposed direct relationships with branded ecommerce sites or marketplaces. One publisher promised a six-figure bounty for someone who facilitated a direct revenue-sharing deal with Amazon.

Others contemplated portals or Shopify apps that would permit even the smallest retailers to post products on a CPA basis.

Pay walls

A second ecommerce-related strategy was to share custom deals with paying subscribers.

In this scenario, publishers would augment their paid services with Groupon-style discounts. Participating merchants would offer some set level of discount — perhaps, 35% — and pay a CPA fee for each sale.

The publisher generates revenue from the purchases while enjoying a new way to sell its premium content. Membership in a publisher’s insider subscription delivers exclusive content unavailable to AI bots and the best deals on products.

Merchants benefit from exposing their goods on publisher websites and pay only when a sale occurs.

Micro marketplaces

The last and most ambitious idea was for publishers to establish their own ecommerce marketplaces and allow participating merchants to list and sell products directly.

Imagine a cooking magazine with a million print subscribers, 15 million monthly website impressions, and 2.5 million newsletter subscribers directly hawking cast-iron skillets and hand-sewn tablecloths for a share of the sale.

The implementation could utilize a marketplace platform such as Mirakl or include only the publisher’s white-label products.

In each case, the publisher generates income from facilitating ecommerce sales.

Opportunity

Ecommerce brands can encourage these sorts of deals. It’s a prime time for publishers and merchants to explore direct collaborations.

SISTRIX Reports Sharp Drop In ChatGPT Web Searches via @sejournal, @MattGSouthern

SISTRIX reports that ChatGPT is triggering live web searches far less often for people who use the app without logging in.

In daily spot-checks over the last two weeks, the share of answers that called the web fell from above 15% to below 2.5%. SISTRIX does not assign a cause and notes the observation applies to anonymous sessions.

What Changed

SISTRIX says it “analyses numerous ChatGPT responses to a wide variety of prompts” each day and recently “noticed that ChatGPT uses web searches significantly less frequently.”

It adds that, “at least when using the app without an account,” the measured rate of responses completed via a web search declined sharply in the period reviewed.

SISTRIX doesn’t publish a sample size, list of prompts, or detection method in the post.

SISTRIX also writes that ChatGPT has “traditionally” relied on Bing for web lookups and references rumors of Google data being used, but it doesn’t claim a direct link between any specific backend change and the measured decline.

Related Context

Microsoft Bing Search APIs Retirement

Microsoft announced that the Bing Search APIs were retired on August 11.

Some third-party tools have migrated to alternatives. This doesn’t prove a change inside ChatGPT, but it’s a relevant ecosystem shift.

Google’s SERP Access Changes

SISTRIX separately documented that Google no longer supports the “num=100” parameter and now returns 10 results per request, increasing the effort required to collect SERP data at scale.

Again, this is context rather than causation.

Recent ChatGPT Product Notes

OpenAI’s release notes list “improvements to search in ChatGPT” on September 16, without detailing backend sourcing.

That update may be unrelated to the SISTRIX measurement, but is worth noting in the same timeframe.

Why This Matters

If ChatGPT is consulting the web less frequently in anonymous sessions, you might notice fewer answers citing current sources and a greater reliance on the model’s internal knowledge for those users.

This could influence how often recent news is referenced in responses for users who aren’t logged in, although the behavior may differ for Plus or Enterprise accounts.

Looking Ahead

SISTRIX’s observation is limited to a specific time frame and anonymous usage. Currently, there’s no confirmed information from OpenAI about how frequently ChatGPT performs live lookups overall, and SISTRIX hasn’t provided a reason for the recent drop.

The most cautious conclusion is that one independent measurement showed a sharp short-term decline, which deserves further testing.


Featured Image: matakeris.creative/Shutterstock

Google App Adds Search Live For Real-Time Visual Search via @sejournal, @MattGSouthern

Google has rolled out Search Live in English in the United States, bringing real-time, camera-aware conversations to the Google app on Android and iOS.

You can tap the new Live icon under the search bar, or open Google Lens and choose Live to start an interactive voice conversation that can also see what your camera sees.

Rajan Patel, VP of Engineering for Search at Google, highlights the launch in a post on X:

How It Works

Search Live has two entry points. In the Google app, you can start a voice conversation and optionally enable video input.

Look for the icon shown below:

Image Credit: Google

In Lens, camera sharing is on by default so you can immediately ask questions about what is in front of you and get follow-ups with links to dig deeper on the web.

Google highlights practical scenarios such as hands-free trip planning, quick how-to guidance for hobbies, step-by-step troubleshooting for electronics without typing model numbers, support for school projects, and picking a board game by scanning several boxes at once.

See it in action in this launch video:

Why This Matters

Search Live moves queries from typed text to camera and voice, with answers arriving while people are actively engaged in tasks.

You can capture these searchers by prioritizing content that answers specific, in-the-moment questions. Ensure that your visual information is accurate and easily recognizable.

Local businesses should consider keeping storefront photos, product imagery, and key details current since people can now point, ask, and get links in real time.

Looking Ahead

Search Live is only launching in English in the U.S. for now, but Google says more languages and regions are coming.

This launch continues Google’s push to move everyday search beyond the keyboard. Businesses that prepare their content and visuals for that shift will be better positioned when the rollout expands

Newfold Digital Sells MarkMonitor As Part Of Strategic Refocus via @sejournal, @martinibuster

London-headquartered corporate domain management company Com Laude announced the acquisition of its competitor, MarkMonitor, previously one of the holdings of Newfold Digital.

Newfold Digital Simplifies Portfolio

Newfold Digital owns many top Internet brands like Yoast, Bluehost, Register.com, and Domain.com, all businesses that focus on small and medium-sized businesses. This divestiture may be a sign that Newfold Digital may be shifting away from the enterprise market and toward focusing its portfolio of web services on the SMB end of the market.

The official Newfold Digital press release states:

“The sale is part of Newfold Digital’s strategy to simplify its portfolio and double down on the areas where it can deliver the greatest value to customers – its core brands, Bluehost and Network Solutions. ”

Stu Homan, Head of MarkMonitor, commented:

“With this acquisition, Markmonitor has found owners who value our dedicated corporate services as much as our customers do. Com Laude is deeply committed to preserving and building upon our ability to continue to deliver industry-leading customer service while growing to new levels with dedication and investment.

Our entire team is excited to bring Com Laude’s advanced tools and services to our customers, and to be part of the most exciting development in corporate domain services since Markmonitor invented the white glove service model twenty-six years ago.”

Previous to the acquisition, Com Laude was a competitor of MarkMonitor, offering services that were similar to MarkMonitor but with key differences and technologies like an AI-powered domain management dashboard.

Com Laude is headquartered in London, United Kingdom, and MarkMonitor is in Boise, Idaho, which is not commonly regarded as the center of Internet commerce or technology but is actually a growing regional technology hub.

Benjamin Crawford, CEO of Com Laude, remarked:

“Markmonitor is the best-known name in domain services for corporate customers, having virtually invented the category twenty-six years ago, and since then grown a long list of blue-chip customers with its “white glove” customer service. Com Laude offers market leading advanced tools and bespoke services in domains and online brand protection, developed for the world’s largest companies and most valuable brands. Together we will be uniquely positioned to protect and grow the digital presence of any company that needs assistance with its domain names, internet infrastructure and security, online brand protection, internet policy and compliance, and online strategy.”

Read Com Laude’s announcement:

Com Laude to Acquire Markmonitor in a Landmark Transaction

Featured Image by Shutterstock/thodonal88

From Line Item To Leverage: How Web Performance Impacts Shareholder Value via @sejournal, @billhunt

Despite years of digital transformation talk, too many CEOs and CFOs still treat the corporate website as a necessary marketing expense, a sunk cost with limited upside. I have far too many CEO’s of billion-dollar companies who view it simply as an expensive interactive brochure, setting the tone for the company and dooming the web as just that, a brochure without strategic value.

But the modern website is not just a cost center. It’s a capital asset. One that, when strategically managed, generates revenue, lowers acquisition costs, accelerates growth, and protects brand equity.

In my previous articles (“Closing the Digital Performance Gap” and “Who Owns Web Performance?“), I outlined how poor internal ownership and misaligned incentives drag down web effectiveness. Now it’s time to reframe the economic value of performance. Because digital visibility, findability, and functionality aren’t just tactical wins – they affect shareholder value.

Web Execution: Expense Or Asset?

Let’s speak the CFO’s language. If you build a new manufacturing line, you evaluate its contribution to output and margin. If you invest in a retail expansion, you track foot traffic, conversion, and revenue per square foot.

Why don’t we evaluate digital the same way?

Here’s how most companies currently think:

  • SEO: Free traffic driver.
  • Content: Sales and marketing copy.
  • UX: Design polish.
  • Analytics: Reporting tool.

Here’s how performance-minded leaders think:

  • SEO: Organic demand capture engine.
  • Content: Business development asset.
  • UX: Funnel velocity multiplier.
  • Analytics: Optimization flywheel.

When you stop viewing digital as overhead and start seeing it as infrastructure, the return on investment (ROI) math changes completely.

How Underperformance Drains Enterprise Value

If your digital infrastructure is fragmented, under-optimized, or reactive:

  • You spend more on paid channels to make up for poor organic performance.
  • You lose visibility to competitors in AI and search environments.
  • You deliver confusing or outdated experiences that erode brand trust.
  • You waste employee and agency hours chasing after misaligned key performance indicators (KPIs).

None of these are minor problems. They compound.

They show up in:

  • Lower customer lifetime value (CLV).
  • Higher customer acquisition cost (CAC).
  • Missed revenue from unindexed products or inaccessible content.
  • Declines in organic search traffic and authority that paid cannot make up for.

The Invisible ROI Leak: Misalignment

As explored in “Who Owns Web Performance?,” when multiple teams touch the website – but no one owns outcomes – you get:

  • Wasted spend on underperforming campaigns.
  • Lost traffic due to crawlability errors and excessive technical issues.
  • Duplicated content with no central taxonomy.
  • Security or compliance risks from unmanaged pages.

These are not theoretical. They show up on the balance sheet as missed revenue, higher CAC, and lower conversion rates.

The Capital Efficiency Of SEO And Organic Visibility

Capital efficiency is one of the most underappreciated components of shareholder value, but increasingly, it’s a critical factor in CEO evaluations. Boards and investors are looking beyond topline growth to assess how effectively a company turns investment into output to achieve growth. That means efficient, repeatable, high-margin systems like SEO and web performance become strategic levers, not support functions.

SEO is often dismissed as “free traffic,” but that’s misleading. It’s not free and has been rebranded into MBA-friendly buzzwords like “organic visibility” and “owned media.” But behind those terms is real effort. SEO teams must optimize content that was often created in a vacuum, retrofit pages with structured data, and resolve infrastructure gaps just to make that content accessible to search engines. These are real costs and costs that wouldn’t exist if SEO were embedded earlier in the workflow. When viewed holistically as a strategic function, SEO becomes a high-efficiency, compounding return channel. One that gets stronger with alignment and investment, and weaker with neglect.

Properly funded and governed SEO:

  • Reduces dependency on paid media.
  • Enables customer self-service and support at scale.
  • Increases discoverability across multiple intent stages.
  • Builds durable search equity and authority.
  • Fuels AI citations and rich result presence.

More importantly, it improves capital efficiency, the ability to turn inputs (budget, time, content) into outputs (qualified leads, revenue, brand trust) with minimal waste.

AI Search Just Raised The Stakes

Search is no longer about blue links – it’s about recommendation systems. AI Overviews, summary blocks, and generative results are now front and center. If your content isn’t:

…then you’re invisible. Or worse – you’re used as a data source without receiving attribution.

As I wrote in “The New Role of SEO in the Age of AI,” platforms now monetize the experience, not just the click. They extract content, retain the user, and collect behavioral data to improve their own models.

“If your content can’t be reused, monetized, or trained against – it’s less likely to be shown.”

Your site is not just competing with others – it’s competing with the platform itself.

Let’s Talk Shareholder Value

When SEO and digital performance are working:

  • You lower CAC.
  • You increase CLV through better segmentation and nurturing.
  • You strengthen brand equity via visibility and trust signals.
  • You improve operational efficiency through centralized platforms and reusable modules, and reduce customer support costs through effective self-service experiences.
  • You protect valuation by owning your digital demand footprint.

When they aren’t working, you erode those same advantages.

Let’s take a real-world example.

I worked with a public company preparing to spin off half its business into a new entity. The leadership’s attention was focused almost entirely on launching the new brand and website, yet there was no plan for preserving or migrating organic search performance. The new entity’s success depended on leveraging an existing client base, maintaining current sales momentum, and hitting aggressive growth targets. But SEO wasn’t even on the radar.

I was brought in to develop the business case for making organic search a strategic pillar of the post-divestiture digital platform. I argue that we would only get senior executive buy-in not by forecasting traffic loss, but by reframing SEO’s contribution across the three drivers of shareholder value:

  • Financial: Conservative modeling, based on current performance rates, showed that a poorly managed migration could result in $350 million in lost lead value. In addition, regaining that visibility via paid media would require tens of millions in unplanned ad spend.
  • Operational: The company continued operating in 45 countries across 10 languages. Without localized optimization and scalable global templates, international lead pipelines would suffer dramatically.
  • Strategic: To stand apart from the legacy business and support complex enterprise sales cycles, the new digital platform needed to rapidly establish authority, build trust signals, and differentiate itself not only in search but in ease of use and depth of information.

By speaking the language of shareholder value and showing how SEO impacted financial outcomes, operational continuity, and long-term strategic position, we secured executive alignment. SEO was integrated early into the platform roadmap, ensuring scalability, visibility, and global readiness from day one.

A Call To Action For Senior Leaders

If you’re a CEO, CMO, or CFO reading this, ask yourself:

  • Do we treat the website as a strategic asset or a sunk cost?
  • Is there executive ownership of performance or just distributed responsibility?
  • Are we capturing, measuring, and maximizing organic opportunity – or plugging gaps with paid media?
  • Is our content structured and usable by AI systems, or just accurate but invisible?

This is about mindset and governance, not just tactics.

Final Thought: Web Performance Is A Leverage Point

As digital channels drive more business outcomes, functions once considered tactical (like SEO or load speed optimization) can now contribute meaningfully to operational leverage, customer acquisition, and profitability turning them into strategic priorities.

Your website is where your brand, product, content, and promise converge. It’s your most visible, scalable, and measurable asset.

Treating it like a brochure is like owning an F1 race car and only polishing the paint.

When you design for performance, staff for cross-functional excellence, and govern for outcomes – you stop leaking value and start building leverage.

Because in today’s market, digital performance isn’t just good marketing. It’s good business.

And good business drives shareholder value.

More Resources:


Featured Image: Master1305/Shutterstock

And The Truth? This Writing Style Screams AI via @sejournal, @cshel

Six months ago, you could spot AI-generated text by its polished grammar, rigid essay structure, suspicious fondness for em dashes – and, of course, the inevitable emoji bullets (🔥🚀✨). The real giveaway, at least to my eye and ear, isn’t the emojis or the punctuation. It’s the cadence.

AI writing has a rhythm problem. The sentences are clipped. Overly dramatic. Split into one-line paragraphs that feel more like infomercials than journalism.

“The truth? This wasn’t SEO causation. It was a stock market correction.”
“They were left behind. They were angry. They weren’t your people.”

On the page, this is nails-on-chalkboard grating. It doesn’t read as conversational. It reads as performative. In my opinion, this is, without a doubt, AI’s most recognizable stylistic fingerprint.

A Brief History Of The AI Cadence

This rhythm predates AI. It has been the language of speechwriters, preachers, and copywriters long before GPT entered the chat. Think Reagan’s addresses, Clinton’s campaign rallies, Obama’s campaign speeches, Churchill’s wartime broadcasts, and Blair’s conference speeches. Each leaned on rhythm and repetition to generate a great deal of emotion out of a speck of substance. Pair that with Captain Kirk’s famously staccato delivery, televangelists’ sermons, or TED Talks built around dramatic pauses, and you see how cadence can make small or mundane ideas feel powerful and deep.

That style used to stay in its lane. Where print valued density and clarity, speech valued brevity and rhythm. Readers could re-read; listeners could not. Editors enforced writing standards and styles and the economics of print rewarded information density over theatrics. As a result, this cadence lived solely in spoken word. It lived in speeches and sales copy, and not in essays and articles.

AI collapsed those boundaries. Because LLMs cannot (or chose to not) differentiate between a stump speech, a YouTube transcript, and a white paper, they overindex patterns designed to persuade aloud and repurpose them for the written page. Now, we are inundated with technical articles that read like motivational talks.

Why AIs Default To This Cadence

The AI cadence is not an accident – it’s a reflection of what models were most heavily trained on. Large language models have been fed a disproportionate amount of spoken-word material: transcripts of speeches, news reports, debates, interviews, webinars, podcasts, and video scripts. These aren’t “written texts” in the traditional sense; they are spoken performances converted into text.

Why so much spoken-word data? Because it’s cheap and plentiful. Back when I was running my ISP, I loved radio and TV for advertising and news mentions because it was far less expensive than buying or winning space in print. Broadcasters had 24 hours a day to fill, and local stations were always desperate for content. Print, on the other hand, is expensive. Every page of a newspaper, magazine, or book costs money to produce, and publishers limit content to what is necessary or affordable. As a result, far more hours of audio and video have been produced than carefully edited prose — and much of that material ends up transcribed. Those transcripts give the models a vast mountain of “written-down speech” compared to a relatively smaller body of curated, edited text.

The difference is subtle but important: a transcript is in a written medium, but it is not writing in a written style. It preserves the cadence of spoken delivery — short bursts, rhetorical pauses, fragments. Models overindex this rhythm because it dominates the dataset.

Even when prompted to avoid it, the models can’t resist drifting back into this rhythm. They might manage a few sentences of varied prose, but the gravitational pull of the AI cadence always drags them back. It’s now the default groove burned into their training.

The Em Dash Problem

That overindexing also explains a related AI tell: the sudden overuse of em dashes. In polished writing, dashes were historically used sparingly for emphasis or interruption. In speech, however, pauses are constant. Transcripts often mark those pauses with dashes. For a model swimming in transcripts, the dash becomes a default punctuation mark, because it functions as the written equivalent of a spoken pause. The result is copy littered with dashes – not because the ideas require them, but because the training data normalized them.

Punctuation As Breath

Punctuation has always been about more than grammar. Periods, commas, and dashes are signals for how we pause and where we breathe. They are like rests in music, telling the reader when to stop, inhale, and reset before continuing. Well-edited prose balances those pauses so the rhythm feels natural.

The AI cadence breaks this balance. When every thought is chopped into fragments, you’re effectively told to breathe after every line. Reading an article like this feels like hyperventilating: shallow breaths, constant interruptions, no sustained flow. It makes everything sound catastrophic, urgent, or world-shattering, even when the subject matter is mundane. Gentle readers, not every sentence or every idea warrants that level of drama.

Where this leaves us is that when models generate text, they parrot back the structures they’ve seen most often: speech rhythms and speech punctuation, presented as though they were the standard for written communication. They are not. They’re salesmanship with line breaks and pauses dressed up as prose.

Why Readers React To It

This cadence feels powerful at first. It mimics natural speech. It creates rhythm. It feels dramatic without requiring depth. That’s why it pops in feeds.

However, the longer it is stretched out, like in long-form content, or the more a reader is exposed to the same cadence over and over and over again, the power you once felt collapses into disdain. This breathy, short-sentence delivery leads to:

  • Oversimplification which flattens nuance.
  • Repetition that manipulates more than it informs.
  • Every line to demand attention ensuring none of them earn it.
  • Readers to suspect style is substituting for substance.

Here is the deeper problem: when everything is delivered as if it were earth-shattering, readers begin to doubt the authenticity of the message itself. It’s Syndrome’s hypothesis in The Incredibles: “When everyone is super, no one is.” If every sentence screams urgency, then nothing actually carries weight.

Historically, this kind of relentless, crisis-driven cadence has also been a manipulation tactic. Political demagogues, televangelists, and snake-oil salesmen leaned on hyperbole precisely because they lacked evidence. When AI reproduces that same rhythm on the page, it inherits the credibility problem too. Readers may not articulate it consciously, but they feel it: if you have to shout every line, maybe you don’t have enough substance to stand on quietly.

Just as keyword stuffing once became a hallmark of low-quality SEO, this cadence is already becoming the hallmark of low-quality AI. Readers recognize the rhythm before they absorb the message. When the medium distracts from the message, trust erodes.

A Tale Of Two Paragraphs

AI cadence in practice:

“The algorithm changed.
Sites lost traffic.
Panic spread.
And the industry?
It declared SEO dead – again.”

Now, the same idea written for readers:

“When the algorithm changed, many sites saw a drop in traffic. The panic was predictable. Within days, familiar headlines declared SEO dead once again. The cycle repeats every few years, and every few years it proves wrong.”

The difference here is obvious: one is an infomercial and the other is writing.

How To Spot It

Editors and readers can train themselves to notice:

  • Long runs of one-sentence paragraphs.
  • Rhetorical questions with no depth (often beginning with conjunctions like And or But…
  • Sentence fragments pretending to be profound.
  • Sermon-like pacing that seems to expect a chorus of ‘amens’ (or applause, if you’re lucky)…

Simply put, once you have seen it, you cannot unsee it: it is the literary equivalent of a laugh track.

How To Write Like A Human Again

How do we remedy this situation? Short of, I suppose, doing our own writing?

  • Vary sentence length instead of defaulting to extremes.
  • Use rhetorical questions sparingly – only when they genuinely add depth.
  • Group related ideas into paragraphs; readers can handle more than one sentence at a time. Unless you are writing FOR toddlers, do not treat your readers as though they ARE toddlers.
  • Prioritize clarity and voice over performative drama. Note here that the goal isn’t to sound casual at all costs, but to sound intentional, rational, and backed by data.

Why It Matters For SEOs And Marketers

AI writing tools are embedded in nearly every workflow. Left unchecked, they will flood the web with copy that reads like an endless sales pitch. Professionals must edit not just for facts but for voice.

That means:

  • Training teams to recognize and break the AI cadence.
  • Creating style guides that emphasize varied sentence and paragraph structure.
  • Editing AI drafts with rhythm in mind, not just keywords.
  • Writing for humans who read – not just platforms that skim.

Respecting the reader’s time and intelligence is, in the end, the real optimization.

Is There Ever A Place For This Style?

Yes, of course, but like most things, in moderation. Staccato writing is effective for:

  • Ad copy where space is limited.
  • Video scripts where pacing drives attention. (Your LinkedIn vertical videos and IG Reels? Have at it. This is where the staccato AI cadence shines.)
  • The occasional LinkedIn post engineered for scanning.

However, should this become the default writing style for articles, blogs, or essays? Abso-effing-lutely not. It cheapens the content and undermines credibility.

In Closing

AI has introduced more than just new tools. It has also normalized certain stylistic tics that don’t belong in most forms of writing. Among these, the AI cadence problem is the most recognizable and the most damaging when left unchecked.

Writers, editors, and marketers need to treat the presence of AI cadence in their writings the same way we treated keyword stuffing a decade ago: as a major red flag. The difference between human and AI writing isn’t just factual accuracy. It’s rhythm, intent, and voice.

The real divide isn’t human versus machine. It’s generic versus intentional. Intentional writing that is structured for clarity, rooted in substance, and respectful of the reader will always stand out.

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