The psychology of scannable content and bullet points

Your content has 15 seconds. That’s it. In those precious moments, your reader’s brain makes a critical decision: scan or abandon. The statistics are sobering. Users read only 20-28% of webpage content, spending an average of 15 seconds on a page before deciding whether to stay or leave. Yet many content creators still write as if their audience will consume every carefully crafted sentence from start to finish.  

The reality? Your readers aren’t reading; they are scanning, which is why scannable content becomes important. This isn’t a failure of modern attention spans or a sign that people don’t value quality content. It’s neuroscience in action. The human brain has evolved sophisticated pattern recognition systems that help us quickly identify relevant information while filtering out the noise. And do you know what the most potent triggers for this system are? The humble bullet point.  

When readers encounter well-structured bullet points in your blog piece, their brains release small hits of dopamine, the same neurotransmitter associated with completing tasks and achieving goals. This is a biological reward system that makes scannable content easier to process and pleasurable to consume.  

Understanding the cognitive psychology behind how people process information isn’t just academic curiosity.  It’s also the key to creating content that converts, engages, and serves your audience’s actual reading behaviors. Tools like Yoast’s AI Summarize feature recognize this reality, helping content creators quickly identify and restructure their essential points into the scannable formats readers crave. 

The scanning habits of our brain  

The myth of linear reading 

If you believe your readers start at the top of your content and methodically work their way through each paragraph, you’re operating under a dangerous misconception. Eye-tracking research from the Nielsen Norman Group reveals that people don’t read online content, they scan it in predictable patterns.  

• F-shape scanning pattern: It is one of the most common reading patterns, where readers scan horizontally across the top, make a second horizontal scan partway down, then scan vertically down the left side.

• Layer cake pattern: This includes scanning headings and subheadings.  
• Spotted pattern: Jumping to specific words or phrases that catch attention.  

This isn’t laziness, it’s cognitive efficiency at its best. Our brains are wired to seek the path of least resistance when processing information. In a world where we’re bombarded with more content than we could ever consume, scanning helps us quickly identify what deserves our full attention. 

Cognitive load theory explains why this happens. Our working memory can only hold about 5 to 9 pieces of information at once. When content is presented in dense paragraphs, our brains work harder to extract meaning, creating mental fatigue that leads to abandonment.  

Factors that determine reading depth 

Not all scanning is created equal. Four key factors determine whether someone will scan briefly or dive deeper into your content:  

• Level of motivation: When readers desperately need specific information, like troubleshooting a technical problem, they’ll invest more cognitive resources in careful reading. But for general browsing, they’ll skim for signals of value.   

• Type of task: Fact-finding missions (like researching product features) create different reading behaviors than exploratory browsing. Task-oriented readers scan for specific data points, while browsers scan for interesting concepts.   

• Level of focus: A reader juggling multiple browser tabs while checking their phone will scan differently than someone in a quiet environment dedicated to learning. Multitasking reduces the cognitive resources available for deep processing.  

• Personal characteristics: Some people are naturally deep readers who prefer narrative content, while others are chronic scanners who gravitate toward lists and summaries. Age, education, and cultural background all influence these preferences.  

The impact of mobile evolution on content consumption 

Smartphone usage hasn’t just changed where we consume content, it’s rewired how we process information. The average smartphone user checks their device 96 times daily, creating a constant state of partial attention that makes scanning the dominant reading mode.  

Mobile screens compress information into narrow columns, overwhelming traditional paragraph structures. This physical constraint has trained our brains to prefer “thumb-friendly” content architecture: short paragraphs, frequent subheadings, and plenty of white space.

The impact transcends mobile devices. Desktop readers now expect the same scannable formats they’ve grown accustomed to on their phones. Content that doesn’t accommodate these evolved reading behaviors feels dated and inaccessible.  

The psychology behind bullet points

Understanding why bullet points work so effectively requires a quick look at how your brain processes information. When you encounter a wall of text, your mind has to work overtime to extract the key points, organize the information, and remember what matters. Bullet points do this heavy lifting for you, turning complex information into digestible chunks that your brain can process with minimal effort.

1. The mental burden relief of cognitive load reduction 

Bullet points aren’t just visually appealing, but also easy to scan. They’re cognitive performance enhancers. When information is presented in bullet format, our working memory can process it more efficiently because each point operates as a discrete unit.  

Research in cognitive psychology shows that structured information reduces the mental effort required for comprehension. This creates what researchers call “cognitive ease”, a state where information feels more trustworthy and credible simply because it’s easier to process.  

The famous 7±2 rule (also known as Miller’s Law) explains why bullet points work so well. Our working memory can comfortably hold 5-9 items at once. Well-crafted bullet lists respect this limitation by chunking information into digestible pieces that our brains can easily manipulate and remember.  

When content flows smoothly through our mental processing systems, we unconsciously associate that ease with quality and authority. This is why bullet points improve comprehension and credibility.  

2. Pattern recognition and predictability  

Human brains are pattern-recognition machines, constantly seeking familiar structures that help us predict what will happen next. Bullet points, through their predictable format, provide precisely this kind of psychological comfort.  

Visual hierarchy serves as a roadmap for our attention. When readers see a bullet list, they instantly understand the structure: each point will present a discrete piece of information, all points are roughly equivalent in importance, and the data can be consumed in any order.  

Gestalt principles explain why this works so well. Our brains use proximity (related items grouped), similarity (consistent formatting signals related content), and continuation (visual flow guides attention) to organize information efficiently. Bullet points leverage all three principles simultaneously.  

This predictability reduces cognitive anxiety. Readers don’t need to invest mental energy figuring out how information is organized, they can focus entirely on processing the content.  

3. The psychology of completion  

Perhaps the most fascinating aspect of bullet point psychology is how it triggers our brain’s reward system. Each bullet point creates a micro-task that can be “completed” simply by reading. This completion triggers a small dopamine release; the same neurotransmitter associated with crossing items off a to-do list.  

The Zeigarnik effect demonstrates why this matters. Our brains create psychological tension around incomplete tasks, making them more memorable than completed ones. Bullet points cleverly exploit this by creating multiple small completion opportunities within a single piece of content.  

This neurological reward system explains why people find lists inherently satisfying. We’re not just consuming information; we’re experiencing a series of small accomplishments that make reading feel productive and rewarding.  

4. Visual breathing room

White space isn’t space; it’s cognitive breathing room. Dense paragraphs create visual clutter that triggers stress responses in our brains, making content feel overwhelming before we even begin reading.  

Bullet points introduce strategic white space that gives our visual processing system room to operate. This breathing room prevents cognitive overload and makes content more approachable and manageable.  

Eye movement research shows that readers’ gaze patterns follow predictable paths through well-spaced content. White space guides attention naturally, creating a visual rhythm that supports comprehension rather than fighting against it.  

The science of information processing  

Working memory and executive function  

Working memory is the temporary storage system where we manipulate information while processing it. Unlike long-term memory, which has virtually unlimited capacity, working memory can only handle a few items simultaneously.  

Bullet points support working memory by presenting information in pre-chunked units. Instead of extracting key points from dense paragraphs, a task that requires executive function resources, readers can directly process the distilled information.  

Research comparing narrative versus expository text comprehension shows structured formats consistently outperform traditional paragraphs for information retention and comprehension speed. The brain’s executive functions can focus on understanding content rather than organizing it.  

This is particularly important for complex or technical information. When cognitive resources are allocated efficiently, readers can engage with more sophisticated concepts without experiencing mental fatigue.  

The discrete thought advantage  

Each bullet point functions as a self-contained information unit, allowing for what cognitive scientists call “discrete processing.” Unlike paragraphs, where ideas build upon each other sequentially, bullet points can be processed independently.  

This creates a “mental reset” opportunity between points. Readers can fully process one concept before moving to the next, preventing cognitive overload when multiple ideas compete for working memory space.  

The difference is like comparing building a tower (paragraphs) versus collecting individual blocks (bullet points). Building requires awareness of the entire structure, while collecting allows focus on each piece.  

Speed vs. comprehension 

Critics often argue that scannable content sacrifices depth for speed, but research suggests a more nuanced reality. Studies show that bullet formats can improve comprehension for certain types of information while dramatically increasing processing speed.  

The key matches the format of the content type. Bullet points excel for factual information, feature lists, and step-by-step processes. They’re less effective for narrative content, complex arguments, and emotional storytelling.  

In research studies, retention rates for structured information consistently outperform unstructured text. The sweet spot appears to be content that balances scanning speed with information density, exactly what effective bullet points achieve.  

This is where AI-powered tools like Yoast’s AI Summarize feature become invaluable. They can analyze dense content and identify the key points that would benefit from bullet formatting, helping writers optimize speed and comprehension without sacrificing essential nuances.  

The hierarchy of scannable elements  

The content ecosystem  

Bullet points are not isolated components; they’re part of a broader ecosystem of scannable elements that work together to create user-friendly content. An effective scannable design incorporates multiple layers of visual hierarchy.  

Headings and subheadings serve as navigation anchors, allowing readers to identify relevant sections quickly. They’re the highway signs of content, helping people find their destination without reading every word.  

Numbers and statistics act as attention magnets, drawing the eye with their specificity and authority. Our brains are wired to notice numerical information, making stats powerful tools for engagement.  

Bold text and formatting provide visual cues that guide attention to key concepts. Strategic emphasis helps readers identify the most important information without overwhelming the overall design.  

White space ties everything together, preventing visual overcrowding and giving each element room to breathe. The silence between notes makes music coherent.  

Choosing from Lists and other formats  

Different content types call for different scannable formats. Understanding when to use each format prevents the monotony of bullet point overuse while optimizing for specific communication goals.  

1. Bullet points: They excel for features, benefits, and key takeaways where order doesn’t matter. They’re perfect for highlighting multiple advantages or listing unranked options. 

2. Numbered lists: These lists work best for processes, rankings, and sequential information. They provide clear progression and help readers track their position within the content.

3. Tables: Ideal for comparisons and data-heavy content. They allow readers to scan vertically and horizontally, facilitating quick comparisons across multiple variables.

4. Paragraphs: An essential storytelling instrument, context-building, and complex arguments requiring narrative development. The key is using them strategically rather than defaulting to them automatically.  

The mobile-first psychology

Mobile usage hasn’t just changed screen sizes, it’s fundamentally altered how we consume content. Thumb-scrolling creates different engagement patterns than mouse-based navigation, favoring content that works with natural thumb movements.  

The “thumb-friendly” hierarchy prioritizes easily tappable elements and accommodates one-handed usage. This means shorter sections, more frequent headings, and content designed for vertical scrolling rather than horizontal scanning.  

Responsive design psychology goes beyond technical implementation. It requires understanding how reading behaviors change across devices and optimizing content structure for each context.  

Implementing psychology-driven content

Knowing the science behind scannable content is one thing—putting it into practice is another. The good news? You don’t need a psychology degree to create content that respects how your readers’ brains work. With a few strategic adjustments to your writing process, you can transform dense, intimidating content into clear, engaging material that people actually read and act on. Here’s how to make the psychology work for you.

The content creator’s checklist  

• Pre-writing considerations: Analyze your audience’s attention constraints and reading context. Are they researching solutions under pressure, browsing casually, or seeking deep understanding? This determines your optimal scannable structure. 

• During writing: Identify natural breaking points during writing where concepts shift or new ideas emerge. These transition moments are perfect for bullet points, subheadings, or formatting changes supporting scanning behaviors. 

• Post-writing optimization: Simulate scanning behavior by reading only headings, first sentences, and formatted elements. Does the content still make sense and provide value? If not, restructure to serve better scanning readers.  

Tools and techniques  

1. Readability analyzers: They provide objective metrics for content accessibility, but understanding their psychological basis helps interpret results more meaningfully. High readability scores often correlate with scannable structure.

2. Heat mapping tools: One of the most potent tools for revealing reader attention patterns, showing where scannable elements succeed or fail. This data helps optimize formatting for real usage rather than theoretical best practices.

3. User testing methodologies: A one of the kind testing methods that is used for content structures and can also include card sorting exercises, first impression tests, and task-based evaluations. They reveal how well your formatting serves actual reader goals. 

Respecting your reader’s brain  

Understanding the psychology of scannable content isn’t about manipulating readers, but about respecting how their brains process information. Everyone wins when we create content that works with cognitive patterns rather than against them.  

Readers get information they can consume efficiently without sacrificing comprehension. Content creators build trust and engagement by serving their audience’s genuine needs rather than forcing outdated consumption models.  

The competitive advantage goes to those recognizing that effective content serves the reader’s brain, not the creator’s ego. Attention is the scarcest resource, so content that respects cognitive limitations while delivering genuine value will consistently outperform material that ignores psychological realities.  

Ready to implement these insights with Yoast SEO? Start by auditing your existing content through a psychological lens. Look for opportunities to break up dense paragraphs, add scannable elements, and create the visual breathing room that modern readers crave. Your audience’s brains and content performance will thank you.

Aman Soni

Yoast has been synonymous with the word digital marketing since the beginning of everything SEO. It has been an ever-present, like an omnipotent, all-knowing SEO plugin, the first one I ever used. Now, I am delighted and also in awe that I work for the very brand which I so revered! I work, read, write, swim, hike and make things happen.

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The Flesch reading ease score: Why & how to use it

If you have ever run your writing through a readability checker like Yoast SEO, you have probably come across the Flesch reading score. This metric was developed more than 70 years ago and is still one of the most widely used ways to measure how easy your text is to read. But what does it actually mean, and how does it affect your writing for the web?

In this guide, we will explain how the Flesch reading score works, why it became so prominent in publishing and SEO, and how you can use it effectively today. We will also show you where it fits into the Yoast SEO plugin and why we have introduced new readability checks alongside it.

What is the Flesch reading score?

The Flesch reading score, also called the Flesch reading ease test, was created by Rudolf Flesch in the 1940s. His goal was simple: to give writers a quick way of checking whether their text was easy to understand. The formula combines three basic elements: sentence length, word length, and syllable count. When these figures are combined into the formula, which I’ll explain in just a moment, they generate a score between 0 and 100.

The highest scores are reserved for the easiest text. For example, a score in the 90s suggests that a typical 11-year-old child should be able to read it without any difficulty. A score of around 60 is closer to plain English that a high school student would be expected to understand. Scores under 30 are considered very difficult and are only really found in academic or legal writing.

Here’s a quick overview of the ranges and what they mean:

Just for fun: this article itself scores around 63 on the Flesch reading score, which puts it in the “standard” range.

How the Flesch reading score is calculated

The formula behind the score looks intimidating, but don’t worry, it is surprisingly straightforward. In fact, it’s only based on two things. The total number of words divided by the total number of sentences, which gives us the ASL or Average Sentence Length, and the total number of syllables divided by the total number of words to get the ASW or Average Syllables per Word. Once we have these figures, we enter them into this formula:

206.835 – (1.015 × ASL) – (84.6 × ASW)

This will give us a score between 0 and 100. The longer your sentences and the more complex your words, the lower your score will be.

Let’s take a quick example by looking at this short text below:

“The cat sat on the mat. The dog barked.”

This has very short words and sentences, so it would score in the 90s, which means it is very easy to read.

Now compare it with:

“The domesticated feline reclined languidly upon the woven floor covering, while the canine produced a resonant vocalization.”

This is essentially the same meaning, but longer words and clauses drop the score dramatically, likely into the 30s.

This example shows why the Flesch reading score works well as a proxy for readability. It rewards writing that is concise and simple with a high score and wags a finger at writing that is dense and complex, ultimately giving it a low score.

Why the Flesch reading score became important

The Flesch reading score spread beyond classrooms into business and publishing because it answered a universal question: Is my writing easy to understand?

By the 1970s, the U.S. Navy was using it to ensure that training manuals were clear for recruits. Later, several U.S. states made it part of their official requirements for insurance documents and consumer contracts. Healthcare organizations also began using it to ensure that patient information was accessible.

When personal computers became common, Microsoft Word added the Flesch reading ease test to its spelling and grammar tools. Suddenly, anyone writing a school essay or business report could get instant feedback on readability. That mainstreamed the score and kept it relevant well into the digital age.

In the world of web writing, readability became even more critical. Online readers scan rather than study text. Research shows they decide within seconds whether a page is worth their time or not. That makes clarity a competitive advantage. Tools that included the Flesch reading score gave web writers a way to benchmark themselves and improve user experience.

The Flesch reading score in Yoast SEO

When Yoast introduced readability checks to the plugin, the Flesch reading score was one of the first tools we built in. We popularized the use of tools to score your content. It gave writers using WordPress an instant way to measure whether their content was accessible to a broad audience. You can still find the Flesch reading ease score inside the plugin today, in the insights tab.

This has helped thousands of users discover that shorter sentences and simpler words often improve how people engage with their content. While the score does not guarantee better rankings, it does contribute to a positive reading experience, which in turn can influence user behavior and SEO outcomes.

Why Yoast moved beyond Flesch

Although the Flesch reading score remains useful, it is not perfect. It only looks at sentence and word length, without considering context, tone, or audience. A blog post aimed at medical professionals may score poorly but still be exactly right for its readers.

That is why we developed additional checks, including word complexity, which evaluates how challenging your vocabulary might be. This allows writers to balance clarity with precision, rather than chasing a single score. In practice, this means you can still use the Flesch reading score as a quick reference, but you should combine it with other insights to get the full picture.

Should you still care about the Flesch reading score?

The Flesch reading score remains a valuable guide for writers who want to make their content more approachable. If your text scores very low, it may be worth shortening sentences or replacing long words with simpler alternatives. But you do not need to obsess over getting a perfect score.

Readability is about more than numbers. Think about your audience, their expectations, and the purpose of your content. Combine the Flesch reading score with other readability signals to create a text that is clear, engaging, and optimized for both humans and search engines.

How to use the Flesch reading ease score to improve your writing

We’ve come to the essential question. How can you use the Flesch score to improve your writing? Well, you write for an audience and know your audience the best. Before writing or editing, consider what kind of texts fit your readers. Do you sell clothes or organize photography workshops? Or do you write for a mom blog or make step-by-step DIYs? Your content should be relatively easy to read in all these cases since you are targeting a broad audience.

However, remember that you do not have to chase a high Flesch reading score at all costs. For example, you may write about complex, specialist topics for a specific, more knowledgeable audience. Or, perhaps you are an academic blogging about your research? It makes sense if the Flesch test produces a lower score in those cases.

Still, whatever your situation is, your text always benefits from concise language. So, if you want to benefit from the feedback the Flesch reading ease score gives you, focus on two things:

1. Shorten your sentences

Too many long sentences make your text difficult to read, while short sentences keep the subject clear. When the sentences in your text are short, you allow your readers to absorb the information in your text. As a result, they don’t need to use all their attention to decipher what you want to say. That is why we advise you to break down long sentences; your text will be much easier to read. 

And please, don’t think that by using short sentences, you will oversimplify your text. Let’s compare two short texts to show you what we mean. First, we have this sentence:

My favorite place to visit during weekends is my grandparents’ house near the lake, where we love to fish and swim, and we often take the boat out on the lake.

Did you find this sentence easy to read? Wasn’t it too lengthy, confusing, and difficult to process? Breaking it into two or more sentences can make it much clearer:

My favorite place to visit during weekends is my grandparents’ house. It’s near the lake, where we love to fish and swim. We also often take the boat out on the lake.

These few short sentences are much easier to read. Yet, you give the same information as in the long sentence, so there is no oversimplifying. Using short sentences keeps the subject clear and lets your readers absorb the information you’re presenting. 

2. Limit your use of difficult words

Words with four or more syllables are considered difficult to read, so try to avoid them where possible. Or try not to use them too much. For example, try words like small instead of minuscule, about instead of approximately, and use instead of utilize. We have the word complexity assessment in Yoast SEO Premium to help you with that.

If you want to reach a broad audience, you should also try to avoid using jargon. If you’re a medical expert, you’re probably familiar with terms like analgesic, intravenous, and oophorectomy. However, keep in mind that most people aren’t. When you can’t find a better alternative, make sure to explain it for users who might not know the word.

Conclusion

The Flesch reading score has been around for decades, and it is not going anywhere. It still offers a quick way to test whether your writing is easy to follow, and it continues to play a role in Yoast SEO. At the same time, the web has moved on, and so have we. By combining the score with modern checks like word complexity, you can create content that is not only readable but also effective in meeting your goals.

So next time you write a blog post, take a look at your Flesch reading score. Use it as a guide, not a rule. The result will be content that your readers and search engines will thank you for.

TLDR

• You should care about your score, but do not chase perfection. Balance readability with your audience’s needs
• The Flesch Reading Score measures how easy a text is to read, using sentence length and word length
• Scores range from 0 to 100: higher is easier. For example, 90–100 is very easy, 60–69 is standard, and 0–29 is very confusing
• It became popular in education, government, and publishing before being integrated into tools like Microsoft Word and SEO platforms
• In Yoast SEO, the Flesch reading score still exists in the Insights tab, but we now also use word complexity to provide more accurate feedback

Brendan Reid

Brendan is a seasoned writer with a particular interest in SMEs. What he really enjoys is being able to provide real, actionable steps that can be taken today to start making business better for everyone.

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